Soda-print process



- Patented Get. as, was.

UNETED STATES ERNEST CADGENE, OF ENGLEWOOD CLIFFS, AND JULES JEANDROS,OF PATERSON',

NEW JERSEY; SAID JEANDROS ASSIGNO-R TO SAID CAIDGENE.

SODA-PRINT PROCESS.

No Drawing.

To all whom it may concern-.-

Be it known that I, ERNnsr CADGiiNE, a citizen of the Republic ofFrance, residing at Englewood Cliffs, county of Bergen, and State of NewJersey, and I, JULEs'JEANoRos, a citizen of the United States, residingat Paterson, county of Passaic, and State of New Jersey, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Soda-Print Processes, of whichthe following is a specification.

This invention relates to the printing of textile fabrics to producebrocaded or raised figured effects. In textile printing such effects areproduced by what is known in the industry as the soda print process,which consists in the destruction by burning or otherwise, treating witha suitable chemical certain portions or sections of the fabric, thefoundation or backing fabric of which consists of threads of differentfibre from the threads which form the covering, the foundation threadsusually being of animal fibre, asfor example, silk, and the otherthreads or threads to be destroyed, be ing of vegetable fibre, as forexample, artificial silk or cotton. The fibres which constitute thethreads of the foundation and the covering are obviously not limited tothe example given, as silk may be used for the covering and anyvegetable fibres for the foundation, or the entire fabric may consist ofthreads formed of the same fibres, having either the covering orfoundation threads treated to resist the action of the chemicalemployed. The chemical is applied to the fabric usually by means of aprinting roller provided with the required characteristics to producethe desired design, after which the fabric is subjected to heat toaccelerate the reaction between the chemical and the threads to bedestroyed. Obviously, a chemical is selected which will react with thethreads to be destroyed, but which will be neutral with respect to thefoundation threads. The reaction of the chemical with such threads ispermitted to continue until the binding of certain of the threads to thefoundation is destroyed and the fabric is then brushed, washed orotherwise-treated to remove the loosened threads, from the foundationfabric, thus leaving the covering thread intact in the untreatedportipns to produce'the raised figures,

Application filed February 15, 1924. Serial No. 693,123.

ever, have not been very successful, because of the unsurmountabledifliculty of securin proper registry of the color printing wit% thereserved figures of the fabric after the soda printing has beencompleted, and the equally great difliculty of simultaneously printingthe fabrics with the "burning or etching chemical and colors. While inthe latter case it has been found possible to secure an accurateregistration of the color and chemical during the printing, it has beenfound impossible to prevent the colors and chemicals from running.

It is the object of our invention to pro-.v

duce a new and improved soda printing process by means of which all ofthe reserved figured effects heretofore obtained may be secured and inaddition any desired color effects may be produced upon the reservedfigures; the color efi'ects obtainable with our process beingpractically unlimited and the outlines of the colored designs upon suchfigures being produced accurately with any desired degree of sharpnessor contrast.

In its broadest aspects, our process consists in printing the desiredcolor effects and patterns upon the face of the fabric and mixing withthe colors, a resist composition which is-preferably colorless, andwhich will prevent the chemical used for destroying the threads to bedestroyed from attacking or reacting with the threads of the portions tobe reserved. The resist composition may either form a protective coatingupon the reserved portions or may be such that it will react with thesoda print chemical so as to neutralize the effect thereof. After thecombined coloring and resist composition is applied, the entire face orback of the goods is then coated with #1 9da print chemical,

as for example, aluminum chloride or alu-. minum sulphate, when thethreads to be de--;' stroyed consist of vegetable fibre. While thecoating of the fabric with the soda print may be done in any suitable orconvenient manner, we have found it desirable to use a padding rollerthe entire surface of which is covered with mille points, or as commonlytermed in the art petit points. The fabric is then subjected to heat,preferablyby passing it through a dry box and as the soda print chemicalwill attack and react with all of the threads which have not been coatedwith the combined coloring and resist composition, the'binding ofsuch'threads with the foundation fabric will be destroyed and will causesuch threads to become loosened from the foundation so that they willeither fall away from the foundation or may be readily removed therefromby carding or brushing.

The usual manner of carrying out the well known soda print process is toexecute the print upon the back or the face of the goods and isperformed on' the goods either: (a) when theyare in the raw state, (b)when they are in the boiled off state; (0) when they are in the dyedstate; or (d) after a regular print. As heretofore pointed out, it hasbeen found a practical impossibility to secure a proper registration ofthe soda print design with the regular color print and to produce acommercially practical product. While our process can be performed uponthe goods when in the raw, boiled-off or dyed state, the following isthe preferred sequence of operations which we employ. The regularboil--off of the goods is performed, after which they are dyed, then thecolor printing of the goods as hereinbefore described by the use of aresist composition, is performed, and after the color printing has beencompleted the goods are steamed to fix the colors. The printed fabricsare now ready for the application of the burning composition or chemicalwhich is applied evenly over the entire surface of either side of thegoods, but preferably over the face thereof; after which the goods, withthe chemical applied thereto, are subjected to the required heat tocause the unreserved threads to be destroyed as with the regular sodaprint. It will be obvious that the threads will only be destroyed uponthose parts of the goods which have not; been coated with the resistcolor compositions, used in the first printing. After the burning of theunreserved threads has been completed, the goods are then washed,brushed or otherwise treated, to remove the loose threads and thechemicals use-d in the soda print, and are then subjected to the regularfinishing operations.

We have found that aluminum chloride, or aluminum sulphate, or a mixtureof these two chemicals, is satifactory for performing the burning oretching of the goods; and a typical example of a compositionsuccessfully employed by us for the combined print and resist printingconsists of a regular gum arabic printing color of any desired shade, towhich is added 25 per cent of blood albumen, 7 per.cent of chromiumacetate and 5 per cent of sodium acetate. The albumen assists thecoagulation. of the compound and forms a waterproofing for the printedcolors; the chromium acetate assists in the waterproofing and also actsto fix the colors; and the sodium acetate helps to protect the printedparts by neutralizing the burning effects of the aluminum compounds. Itwill be understood that the combined color and soda print compositionsmay be varied considerably in accordance with the nature of the goods tobe treated, and that the resist composition added to the regularprinting color will obviously be varied according to the chemicalemployed for burning the threads to be destroyed.

Furthermore, the brocaded efiects which may be obtained by the use ofour process are not limited ,to a fabric containing animal and vegetablefibres as hereinbefore described, but the process is equally applicableto plain cotton fabrics, to cotton fabrics in which the entire fabric oreither the foundation or covering is constructed of mercerized or otherthreads to resemble silk, or to fabrics constructed in whole or in partof any artificial silks, acetylated cellulose or otherwise, providedthat the fibres of the threads which are to form the foundation of thefabric are treated with a protective chemical before weaving. Tt willthus be seen that our process may be carried out not only with fabricsconstructed of threads of different species, but also with fabricsconstructed of all cotton fibres; all animal fibres, or all vegetablefibres if one set of the threads has been treated with a protectivechemical before weaving.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is:

1. The process of producing brocaded figured effects upon textilefabrics which consists in printing said fabrics with a printing colorcontaining a resist composition and applying to the entire surface ofone face of said fabric a coating of a chem ical adapted to destroy thethreads of said fabric which have not been treated with said resistcomposition.

2. The process of producing a brocaded effect upon a 'textile fabricwhich consists in printing said fabric with a printing color containinga resist composition and applying a substantially even coating to theentire surfaceof one face of said fabric, of a chemical adapted todestroy all of the threads of aid fabric which have not been treatedwith said resist composition whereby a colored raised figured effectwill be produced on said fabric.

The process of producing a brocaded effect upon a textile fabric whichconsists in printing said fabric with a printing color containing aresist composition and applying a substantially even coating to theentire surface of one face of said fabric, of a chemical adapted todestroy all of the threads of said fabric which have not been treatedwith said resist composition, then subjecting said fabric to heat toaccelerate the reaction between said chemical and threads to bedestroyed, whereby a colored figured effect will be produced on saidfabric.

4. The process of producing a brocaded effect upon a textile fabricwhich consists in applying a printing composition to the threads of saidfabric to produce a colored ornamental design thereon, and then applyingan even coating to the entire surface of one face of said fabric, of achemical which, will react with the unprinted portions of said threadsto destroy the binding thereof to said fabric, said printing compositioncontaining a resist which will prevent said chemical from reacting withsaid threads.

5. The proceeds of producing a brocaded efi ect upon a fabric whichconsists in applying a printing composition to the threads of saidfabric to produce a colored ornamental design thereon, and then-applyingan even coating to the entire surface of one face of said fabric, of achemical which will react with the unprinted portions of said threads todestroy the binding thereof to said fabric, said printing compositioncontaining a resist composition, which will form a resistive coatingupon said threads and which will neutralize the effect of said chemicalupon said threads whereby the destruction of such threads as are treatedwith said printing composition will be prevented.

6. The process of producing brocaded effect upon a fabric which consistsin applying a printing composition to the threads of such fabric toproduce a colored ornamental design thereon, applying a substantiallyeven coating to substantially the entire surface of one face of saidfabric, of a chemical adapted to react with the threads of said fabricand destroy the binding thereof to said fabric, said printingcomposition, including a compound to produce a waterproof coating uponsaid threads, a compound to increase the waterprofing effect and fix thecolors of said printing composition, and a compound to neutralize thedestructive effect of said chemical, whereby the destructive action ofsaid chemical upon the printed portions of said fabrics will beprevented.

7. The process of producing a brocaded effect upon a fabric whichconsists in printing said fabric with a colored printing composition toform an ornamental design, applying a substantially even coating to theentire surface of one face of said fabric, of a chemical which willreact with the fibres of the threads of said fabric to destroy thebinding of said threads with the foundation of the fabric, and thensubjecting the fabric to the application of heat to accelerate thereaction of said chemical with said threads, said printing compositioncontaining a resist composition which will resist the action of saidchemical during the heat treatment of said fabric and will prevent saidchemical from reacting with the threads which have been printed withsaid ornamental design.

8. The process of producing brocaded effect upon a fabric which consistsin applying a printing composition to the threads of such fabric toproduce a colored ornamental design thereon, applying a substantiallyeven coating of an aluminum compound to substantially the entire surfaceof one face of said fabric, then subjecting said fabric to theapplication of heat to cause said aluminum compound to react with anddestroy the threads of said fabric which have not been coated with saidprinting composition; said printing composition containing a resistcomposition which will prevent said aluminum compound from reacting withthe threads which have been printed with said ornamental design.

9. The process of producing a brocaded effect upon a fabric whichconsists in applying a printing composition to the threads of suchfabric to produce a colored ornamental design thereon, applying asubstantially even coating of an aluminum compound to substantially theentire surface of one face of said fabric, then subjecting said fabricto the application of heat to cause said aluminum compound to react withand destroy the threads of said fabric which have not been coated withsaid printing composition; said printing composition con taining acompound to produce a waterproof coating upon said threads, a compoundto increase the waterproofing effect and to fix the colors of saidprinting composition and a compound which will neutralize the effect ofsaid aluminum compound and prevent the destructive eflect thereof uponthe printed portions of said fabric.

10. The process of producing brocaded effects upon textile fabrics whichconsists in printing an ornamental colored design upon the surface ofsaid fabric with a printing composition containing blood albumen,chromium acetate, and sodium acetate; applying a substantially evencoating of an aluminum compound to substantially the entire urface ofone fa e of s id f bric, an then subjecting the fabric to heat tocausesaid aluminum compound to react with unprinted portions of thethreads of said fabric, whereby the binding of the unprinted threadswith the foundation of the fabric will be destroyed and a raised figureddesign will be produced.

11. The process of producing a brocaded effect upon a textile fabricformed of a foundation cloth and a covering secured thereto, whichconsists in treating the fibres of the threads which form the foundationcloth with a protective chemical before the weaving of said fabric, thenprinting a design upon the woven fabric with a chemical which will reactonly with the threads which have not been treated with said first namedchemical and destroy the binding thereof to said foundation cloth. I

12. lhe process of producing a brocaded rename efiect upon a textilefabric formed of a foundation cloth and a covering secured thereto,which consists in treating the fibres of the threads which form thefoundation cloth with a chemical containing a resist before the weavingof said fabric, then printin a designupon the woven fabric with a coored printing composition containing a resist and applying asubstantially even coating to the entire surface of one face of saidfabric, of a chemical which will react with and destroy only the threadsof said fabric which have not been treated with said first namedchemical or said printing composition.

In testimony whereof We have affixed our signatures.

runner canenivn JULES JEANDROS.

